Got this from a
friend;
Hi folks,Here is another article by Thich Nhat Hanh that appeared in the Times OfIndia. Of course it discusses things in the context of terrorism. But a lotof what he writes below is equally applicable to us in our own daily lives.I hope you enjoy and learn from this article.
You can use a knife to kill or you can use it to chop vegetables1 Oct 2008, 1941 hrs IST
An Israeli soldier asks about the use of force during a question and answersession with Thich Nhat Hanh on November 29th, 2001.
Thich Nhat Hanh, guest editor of The Times of India
Question: I am from the Israeli-Palestinian group. I want to ask aboutforce. I was, and still am, in the Israeli army. At times we need to useforce to prevent an act that will cause suffering, and that force causessuffering to another person. My question is, can force be used?
Thây: If you have understanding and compassion in yourself, then what wecall force, what we call military force, may help to prevent something, toachieve something.
But that shouldn't prevent us from seeing that there are other kinds offorce that may be even more powerful. We don't know how to recognize andmake use of them so we always have cause to resort to military force. Thespiritual force is also very powerful. The spiritual, the social, theeducational - they are all forces, and much safer to use. Because we havenot been trained to use these forces, we only think of using military force.
Suppose there are two people, both of them full of anger, misunderstanding,and hatred. How can these two people talk to each other, even if they arenegotiating for peace? That is the main problem: you cannot bring peopletogether to sit around a table and discuss peace if there is no peace insideof them. You have to first help them to calm down and begin to see clearlythat we, as well as the other people, suffer. We should have compassion forourselves as well as for them and their children. This is possible. As humanbeings we have suffered. And we have the capacity to understand thesuffering of other people.
The spiritual and educational dimensions can be very powerful, and we shoulduse them as instruments, as tools for peace. Suppose you live in a quarterwhere dozens of Palestinians live peacefully with Israelis. You don't haveany problems. You share the same environment, you can go shopping in thesame place, you can ride on the same bus - you enjoy. You don't see yourdifferences as obstacles, but as enriching.
You are an Israeli and she is a Palestinian and you meet each other in themarketplace and you smile to each other. How beautiful, how wonderful. Youhelp her and she helps you. That image should be seen by other Palestiniansand Israelis. If you are a writer you can bring that image to many peopleoutside of your group. If you are a filmmaker, why don't you offer the imageof peaceful coexistence to the world? You can televise it to demonstratethat it is possible for Palestinians and Israelis to live peacefully andhappily together. That is the work of education. There are a lot of peoplein the mass media who are ready to help you to bring that image, thatmessage to the world. That is very powerful - more powerful than a bomb, arocket, or a gun, and that makes people believe that peace is possible. Whydon't you invite a few Palestinians and Israelis who have not been in such asafe place, to show them that, "Well, you see, there is no problem livingtogether."
If you have enough energy of understanding and peace inside of you, thenthis kind of educational work can be very powerful, and you won't have tothink of the army and of guns anymore. If the army knows how to practice, itwill know how to act in such a way as to not cause harm. The army can rescuepeople; the army can guarantee peace and order. It is like a knife. You canuse a knife to kill or you can use a knife to chop vegetables. It ispossible for soldiers to practice non-violence and understanding. We don'texclude them from our practice, from our Sangha. We don't say, "You are asoldier, you cannot come into our meditation hall." In fact, you need tocome into the meditation hall in order to know how to better use the army.
So, please don't limit your question to such a limited area. Make yourquestion broad - embrace the whole situation, because everything is linkedto everything else.
There are many things we can do today to extend our understanding,compassion, and peace, because every bit of it is useful, is gold. When youtake a step, if you can enjoy that step, if your step can bring you morestability and freedom, then you are serving the world. It is with that kindof peace and stability that you can serve. If you don't have the qualitiesof stability, peace, and freedom inside of you, then no matter what you do,you cannot help the world. It is not about "doing" something, it's about"being" peace, "being" hope, "being" solid. Every action will come out ofthat, because peace, stability, and freedom always seek a way to expressthemselves in action.
That is the spiritual dimension of our reality. We need that spiritualdimension to rescue us so that we don't think only in terms of militaryforce as a means to solve the problem and uproot terrorism. How can youuproot terrorism with military force? The military doesn't know whereterrorism is. They cannot locate terrorism - it is in the heart. The moremilitary force you use, the more terrorists you create, in your own countryand in other countries as well.
The basic issue is our practice of peace, our practice of looking deeply.First of all, we need to allow ourselves to calm down. Without tranquilityand serenity, our emotions, our anger, and our despair will not go away. Andwe will not be able to look and see the nature of reality. Calming down,becoming serene is the first step of meditation. The second step is to lookdeeply, to understand. Out of understanding comes compassion. And from thisfoundation of understanding and compassion you will be able to see what youcan do and what you should refrain from doing. That is spoken in terms ofmeditation. In that respect, everyone has to practice meditation - thepoliticians, the military, the businessman. All of us have to practicecalming down and looking deeply. You have our support.
Follow-up Question: We have to pray and work for a whole lifetime to purifyourselves of anger and to cultivate compassion for those who try and succeedin hurting us and causing suffering. There is not a lifetime in PlumVillage; there are two weeks. There is a whole lifetime in Israel tomeditate. But during that time there are situations in which I see someonewho is committing an act of force, and the only way I can stop him isthrough force, not through education or meditation, because those areprocesses that take a long, long time.
We do not always have the time to have compassion for that person. At timesthe act of force that will stop that person from killing, hurting, orwounding so many people is done through anger or hatred and withoutcompassion. But I feel that even though I am still not pure, it is an actthat I have to do because I have to protect my people. If a terrorist walksinto a restaurant with a bomb on him and I can stop him, the military canstop him, but only by killing him; I don't have time to have compassion. Itcould be an act of hate and anger to shoot him, but it will stop him fromblowing up that restaurant with women and children and people who are mypeople.
Thây: Of course it is very difficult to not get angry when they are killingyour wife, your husband, or your children. It is very difficult to not getangry. That person is acting out of anger, and we are retaliating also outof anger. So there is not much difference between the two of us. That is thefirst element.
The second element is: why do we have to wait until the situation presentsitself to us as an emergency before we act, dealing only with the immediatecircumstance? Of course you have to act rapidly in such an emergencysituation. But what if we are not in an emergency situation? We can wait foran emergency situation to arise or we can do something in order to preventsuch a thing from happening. Our tendency is to not do anything until theworst happens. While we have the time, we do not know how to use that timeto practice peace and prevent war. We just allow ourselves to be indulged inforgetfulness and sense pleasures. We do not do the things that have thepower to prevent such emergency situations from happening.
The third element is that when things like this happen, it is because thereis a deep-seated cause, not only in the present moment but also in the past.This is, because that is. Nothing happens like that without a cause. Youkill me, I kill you. But the fact that you are killing me and I am killingyou back has its roots in the past and will have an effect on the future.Our children will say, "You killed my grandfather, now I have to kill you."That can go on for a long time. When you get angry, when you have so muchhatred towards the person who has made you suffer, and you use all kinds ofmeans to destroy him, you are acting out of anger just like he is. And angeris not the only cause. There are also misunderstandings, wrong perceptionsabout each other, and people who urge us to kill the other side becauseotherwise we will not be safe. There are many causes.
In the past our fathers and our grandfathers may not have been very mindfuland may have said things, may have done things that have sown seeds of war.And their grandfathers also said things and did things, planting seeds ofwar. And now our generation has a choice. Do we want to do better than ourgrandfathers or do we want to repeat exactly what they did? That is thelegacy we will leave for our children and grandchildren.
Of course in a situation of great emergency you have to do everything youcan to prevent killing. And yet, there are ways to do it that will causeless harm. If you have some compassion and understanding, the way you do itcan be very different. Bring the dimension of the human heart into it; helpthe military strategists to have a human heart. It's the least we can do. Dowe teach the military to conduct a military operation with a human heart? Isthat a reality in the army, in military schools? They teach us how to killas many people as possible and as quickly as possible, but they do not teachus how to kill someone with compassion.
In one of his past lives, it seems that the Buddha was a passenger on a boatthat was overtaken by pirates, and he killed one of them while trying toprotect the people on the boat. But that is an earlier life of the Buddha.If the true Buddha were there he may have had other means; he may have hadenough wisdom to find a better way so that the life of the pirate could havebeen spared. Because life after life, the Buddha made progress. You are theafterlife of your grandfather; you must have learned something over the pastthree generations. If you don't have more compassion and understanding thanhe did, then you have not properly continued on after your grandfather.Because with compassion and understanding we can do better, we can causeless harm and create more peace.
We cannot expect to achieve 100 percent peace right away - our degree ofunderstanding and love is not yet deep enough. But in every situation,urgent or not, the elements of understanding and compassion can play a role.When a gangster is trying to beat and kill, of course you have to lock himup so he will not cause more harm. But you can lock him up angrily, with alot of hate, or you can lock him up with compassion and with the idea thatwe should do something to help him.
In that case, prison becomes a place to love and to help. You have to teachthe prison guards how to look at the prisoners with compassionate eyes.Teach them how to treat the prisoners with tenderness so they will sufferless in prison, so we can better help them. Do we train them to look atprisoners with eyes of compassion? A prisoner has killed; a prisoner hasdestroyed. Maybe he was raised in such a way that killing and destructionwere natural for him, and so he is a victim of society, of his education. Ifas a prison guard, you look and see in that way, then you will havecompassion, understanding, and you will treat your prisoner with moregentleness. That helps him and that helps you. Help him to become a betterperson, and help yourself to be happy by helping people in difficulty. Thatis the principle.
We should not focus only on short-term action. Again, we have to look withthe eyes of the Buddha. We must train ourselves to look at things with abroad perspective and not just concentrate on the immediacy of the problem.Our lives are for that, and the lives of our children will be for that,because we are a continuation of each other. We build synagogues and mosquesin order to have a place to sit down and do that - to look deeply, so thatour actions will not only be motivated by desire, greed, or anger. We have achance to sit in the mosque or synagogue for a long time, and in that timeour compassion and understanding should grow. And then out there we willknow how to act in a better way, for the cause of peace.
As a soldier you can be compassionate. You can be loving and your gun can behelpful. At times you may not have to use your gun. It is like a knife thatis used to cut vegetables. You can be a Bodhisattva as a soldier or as acommander-in-chief of the army. The question is whether you haveunderstanding and compassion in your heart. That is the question.